專業術語
此藥物能延長血液凝固的時間，減少血栓在血管或心臟形成的機會，從而減低患上中風或肺栓塞等嚴重疾病的風險。1,2 抗凝血藥亦可用於治療靜脈血栓栓塞等血栓問題。2
1. NHS. Anticoagulant medicines. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anticoagulants/. Last accessed September 2021.
2. BHF. Watch: What are NOACs and what do they do in your body? Available at: https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/drug-cabinet/novel-anticoagulants. Last accessed September 2021.
血細胞在靜脈及動脈內凝固而成的血塊。3
3. Healthline. Blood Thinners for Heart Disease. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/blood-thinners. Last accessed September 2021.
身體內血液的流動。4
4. Cambridge Dictionary. Available at: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/bloodstream. Last accessed September 2021.
用於評估整體健康狀況、感染情況、肝臟及腎臟等內臟功能或作特定遺傳疾病篩查。抽血檢查通常會從手臂血管抽取血液樣本。5
5. NHS. Overview Blood tests. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-tests/. Last accessed September 2021.
能防止血細胞在靜脈及動脈內凝固，有助保持身體血液流動暢通。抗凝血藥是薄血藥的一種。3
3. Healthline. Blood Thinners for Heart Disease. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/heart-disease/blood-thinners. Last accessed September 2021.
將血液輸送至身體各部位的管道，當中包括動脈和靜脈。6,7
6. Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries. Blood vessel. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/blood-vessel. Last accessed September 2021.
7. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Blood vessel. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-vessel. Last accessed September 2021.
常見的皮膚損傷，會導致皮膚變色，通常在人們撞到或被撞到時形成。新形成的瘀傷可能呈紅色，並會在幾小時內變為藍色或深紫色。瘀傷較常見於老年人和服用抗凝血藥的人。8
8. WebMD. Bruises. Available at: https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/bruises-article. Last accessed October 2021.
指膝蓋以下，腿部後側。9
9. Medical definition of calf. Available at: https://www.medicinenet.com/calf/definition.htm. Last accessed September 2021.
指身體特定部位細胞增生失控的疾病。癌細胞會入侵並破壞周邊的健康組織，包括器官。10
10. NHS. Cancer. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cancer/. Last accessed September 2021.
一種慢性疾病，指部分消化系統發炎。為炎症性腸病（IBD, inflammatory bowel disease）的一種。11
11. NHS. Crohn’s disease. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/crohns-disease/. Last accessed September 2021.
醫學上指血液凝固成為固體或血塊的過程。12
12. Medical definition of coagulation. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/crohns-disease/. Last accessed September 2021.
有時會注射到患者的靜脈中，以快速溶解血塊。此類藥物可能會引起突然且嚴重的出血，因此通常用於病情嚴重的病人上。這種藥物通常稱為「血栓分解藥」或「血栓溶解藥」。13-15
13. What is stroke? Available at: https://www.stroke.org.uk/what-is-stroke/diagnosis-to-discharge/treatment. Last accessed September 2021.
14. Pulmonary embolism. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pulmonary-embolism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354653. Last accessed September 2021.
15.Drugs.com. Thrombolytics. Available at: https://www.drugs.com/drug-class/thrombolytics.html. Last accessed September 2021.
專用於為小腿肌肉施加壓力的襪子，有助維持血液流動及緩和不適和腫脹。16
16. NHS. How long should I wear compression stockings to improve my circulation. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/accidents-first-aid-and-treatments/how-long-should-i-wear-compression-stockings-to-improve-my-circulation/. Last accessed September 2021.
通常簡稱為「心臟衰竭」，指心臟無法自行將血液泵至全身各處。17
17. Healthline. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/congestive-heart-failure. Last accessed October 2021.